Sound Judgment and Decision Making: A Universal and Learnable Skill

Sound judgment and decision-making are skills reserved for leaders - false. 
Sound judgment and decision-making are purely logical activities - false. 

The ability to pass sound judgments and make good decisions is a universal skill that will benefit you regardless of your role, department, or industry. Whether you are an emergency room doctor or a social media intern, your ability to collect information, determine its relevance, and decide on the course of action impacts many others, not just yourself. Therefore, honing your skills in this area is critical to your success.

What is sound judgment and decision-making?

Sound judgment and decision-making can be defined as one's ability to objectively assess situations or circumstances using all the relevant information and apply past experience in order to come to a conclusion or make a decision. 

What Impacts Sound Judgment and Decision-Making?

Whether we are aware of it or not, many factors can either compromise or elevate our ability to make a judgment or decision. These things include: 

• Emotion: Unfortunately, emotions often get a bad reputation in business, especially regarding decision-making. In reality, our emotions can tell us a great deal about a situation or decision. While it may not be right to make a decision solely on a feeling or emotion, it is valid for it to come into your consideration set. 
  
  
• Experience: The more time and exposure you have to different situations, people, and approaches, the more grounded you will become in your own ability to pass judgments or make decisions. Experience is a great teacher of judgment and decision-making, but it is surely not the only one. 
  
  
• Preference: I like to work on a Mac over a PC. This is my personal preference. While I have several reasons why some of our preferences cannot be easily explained or rationalized. They just are. They are a part of who we are and will inevitably impact our judgments and decisions, though it is up to us to what degree they do. 
  
  
• Environment: Your environment can include both your physical and mental location. Imagine an emergency situation, a true emergency, and all around you is chaos. Some people naturally have or have honed the ability to minimize the chaos around them, but others may need to step out or away from that situation to think straight and make a decision. Your environment plays a critical role in your ability to make good judgments.  

What Are Judgment Skills?

In the workplace, judgment skills are all about making smart, effective decisions. These skills involve a mix of critical thinking, experience, and the ability to assess situations.

Judgment skills are vital for solving problems, setting priorities, managing risks, and ensuring quality results.

Key Aspects of Judgment Skills

Critical thinking and analysis: Being able to look at information objectively and figure out logical connections. This involves evaluating different options and thinking about the possible outcomes without bias, leading to the best decisions.

Risk assessment: Understanding the pros and cons of a decision is crucial, especially in high-pressure situations. It’s about balancing risks and rewards to achieve positive results.

Decision-making: Good judgment means making well-informed choices, especially when time or information is limited. It’s about picking the best course of action quickly and effectively.

Problem-solving: Challenges are everywhere, and judgment skills help in figuring out issues, looking at possible solutions, and picking the best one. This uses past lessons to tackle current problems.

Prioritization: Judgment helps in identifying what’s most important. By figuring out what needs attention right away and what can wait, professionals can use their time and resources most effectively.

Adaptability: Being flexible in uncertain situations is part of sound judgment. It means being able to change decisions based on new information, understanding that the workplace is always changing.

Ethics and integrity: Good judgment often reflects a person’s ethical standards. It involves considering the moral side of decisions, especially when they impact others.

Empathy and emotional intelligence: Great judgment includes understanding people’s feelings and perspectives. This human aspect can influence more balanced and successful outcomes.

Developing Judgment Skills

Building strong judgment skills takes practice, reflection, and gaining experience. It's one of the most valuable traits for anyone looking to take on leadership or decision-making roles. By honing these skills, you can navigate complex situations effectively and make decisions that lead to success.

How to make sound judgments and decisions

While there are clearly external and internal factors at play in any situation, whether it be an emergency or every day, there are actions you can take at the moment to ensure the judgments and decisions you make are sound. 

1. Crowdsource Information

   While the final decision may lay squarely on your shoulders and your shoulders alone, that doesn’t mean you are an island. More often than not, in business, the decisions you make will impact those around you. Those it will impact may very well have ideas, questions, or concerns that would not otherwise enter your consideration. By tapping into those around you, from those impacted, to your leader, to trusted friends and colleagues, you can crowdsource information and then decide how it fits into your decision-making process.
   
   

2. Communicate

   When we are stressed or feel burdened with a decision, it can be easy to withdraw and isolate ourselves. In isolation, we can lose sight of our blindspots and pass judgments or make decisions without the full picture. Therefore, communicate with those around you. Ideally, someone you can have an honest two-way dialogue with and whose judgment you trust. This may be a one-to-one coach or mentor, a leader (it does not have to be your own), or an individual contributor.
   

3. Practice Mindfulness

   While communicating with others is one piece of the puzzle, taking stock of your own knowledge, feelings, and gaps is another. That’s where mindfulness comes in. As the Mayo Clinic explains, “mindfulness is a type of meditation in which you focus on being intensely aware of what you're sensing and feeling in the moment, without interpretation or judgment.” So, while you attempt to come to a judgment or make a decision, take the time you need to listen to yourself. By slowing down and practicing mindfulness, you may find you already have the answer you have been scrambling around trying to find.
   
   

4. Challenge Yourself with Training and Development Opportunities

   Beyond what you can do at the moment, enrolling in training programs or searching out development opportunities, such as one-to-one coaching or shadowing someone in a different role or department, gaining knowledge leads to better judgment and decision-making. These are opportunities to practice your skills, learn new ones, and be exposed to other ways of thinking about a given situation. Investing in your professional development in this area before a situation even arises will go a long way when one actually does.

Conclusion: Judgment and Decision-Making Are Purely Logical

In a study published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) on judgment and decision-making under stress, researchers noted that:

“There is an assumption that the best decisions are rational-based on logic and factual information. Researchers have tended to look at reason and emotion separately. A value has been placed on decisions made with reason: "it is careless but common to suggest that when we make bad decisions, they are based on emotion, but when we arrive at good decisions, they are based solely on reason" (Lazarus and Lazarus, 1994). Hammond posited that different situations demand different forms of cognitive activity, some calling for increased analytical cognition, and others calling for increased reliance on intuition.” 

This highlights that you will not always be able to pass a judgment or make a decision without emotion, experience, preference, or environment impacting your abilities, for worse or for better. Though what you can do is take actions such as communicating, practicing mindfulness, and developing your skills with training programs, to ensure that when you are faced with a decision to make, you can do so with the greatest possible confidence.